Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ránkāˀ

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wrónk-eh₂ or *rónk-eh₂, with further appurtenance outside of Balto-Slavic uncertain. According to Karulis, the root is *wrenk- and derived from the zero grade of a root *wer- (“to turn, to bend”). The original meaning was then “bent, bending (organ, limb)”.^[1] Compare Proto-Germanic *wranhō (“angle, corner, nook”) and Latin branca, whence English branch.

According to Derksen and Kümmel, the root in question is found in Lithuanian riñkti (“to gather”); see there for more possible cognates.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Noun

*ránkāˀ f^[5]^[2]^[3]^[6]

hand, arm

Inflection

Declension of *ránkāˀ (ā-stem, fixed accent)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ránkāˀ	*ránkāiˀ	*ránkās
accusative	*ránkān	*ránkāiˀ	*ránkāns
genitive	*ránkāˀs	*ránkāu⁽ˀ⁾	*ránkōn
locative	*ránkāiˀ	*ránkāu⁽ˀ⁾	*ránkāˀsu
dative	*ránkāi	*ránkamāˀ	*ránkāˀmas
instrumental	*ránkāˀn	*ránkamāˀ	*ránkāˀmīˀs
vocative	*ránka	*ránkai	*ránkās

In mobile paradigms, forms without an accent marker are enclinomena, which do not have inherent lexical accent.

Descendants

East Baltic:
- Latgalian: rūka
- Latvian: ròka
- Lithuanian: rankà
- Samogitian: ronka
Proto-Slavic: *rǭkà (see there for further descendants)
West Baltic:
- Old Prussian: rancko (=ranko; /'ranko/) (Grunau's wordlist), rānkan (acc. sg.) (Enchiridion)

References

^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “ròka”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*rǭkà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 439: “*rónkaʔ”
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “ranka”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 376: “*rónkaʔ”
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*renk-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 506
^ Kim, Ronald (2018), “The Phonology of Balto-Slavic”, in Jared S. Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, editors, Handbook of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook‎^[2], Berlin: de Gruyter, →ISBN
^ Balto-Slavic Mobility as an Indo-European Problem, J. Jasanoff

[1] Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “ròka”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

[Derksen2008-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*rǭkà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 439: “*rónkaʔ”

[Derksen2015-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “ranka”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 376: “*rónkaʔ”

[4] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*renk-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 506

[5] Kim, Ronald (2018), “The Phonology of Balto-Slavic”, in Jared S. Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, editors, Handbook of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook‎^[2], Berlin: de Gruyter, →ISBN

[6] Balto-Slavic Mobility as an Indo-European Problem, J. Jasanoff

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