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Visa requirements for British Overseas citizens

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

British Overseas citizenship is a form of British nationality under the British Nationality Act 1983. BOCs are British nationals but do not have the right of abode in the United Kingdom. This citizenship is normally for certain people who retained British nationality after independence (e.g. Kenya), but do not have enough ties with the United Kingdom to be British Citizens.

Visa requirements for other classes of British nationals such as British citizens, British Nationals (Overseas), British Overseas Territories Citizens, British Protected Persons or British Subjects are different.

Visa requirements map

[edit]
Visa requirements for British Overseas Citizens
Countries and territories with visa-free or visa-on-arrival entries for British Overseas Citizens
  Visa Free Access
  Visa issued upon arrival
  eVisa
  Visa Free Access only to BOCs with right of re-admission to the UK
  Visa required

Visa requirements

[edit]
Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
Afghanistan Visa required[1]
Albania Visa not required[2] 90 days
Algeria Visa required[3]
Andorra Visa not required[4]
Angola Visa required[5]
Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[6] 6 months
Argentina Visa not required[7] 30 days
Armenia Visa required[8]
Australia Visa required[9]
Austria Visa not required[10] 90 days
Azerbaijan Visa required[11]
Bahamas Visa not required[12] 3 months
Bahrain Visa on arrival[13] 3 months
Bangladesh Visa on arrival[14] 30 days
Barbados Visa not required[15] 6 months
Belarus Visa required[16]
  • Visas are issued on arrival at the Minsk International Airport if the support documents were submitted not later than 3 business days before expected date of arrival.[17]
Belgium Visa not required[18] 90 days
Belize Visa not required[19] 1 month
Benin eVisa[20] 30 days
Bhutan Visa required[21]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Bolivia Visa not required[22] 90 days
Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[23] 90 days
Botswana Visa not required[24] 90 days
Brazil Visa not required[25] 90 days
Brunei Visa required[26]
Bulgaria Visa not required[27] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
Burkina Faso Visa on arrival[28] 1 month
Burundi Visa required[29][30]
Cambodia Visa on arrival[31] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.[32]
Cameroon Visa required[33]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Canada Visa not required[34] 6 months
Cape Verde Visa on arrival[36]
Central African Republic Visa required[37]
Chad Visa required[38]
Chile Visa not required[39] 90 days
  • Extension of stay possible for additional 90 days.
People's Republic of China Visa required[40]
Republic of China Visa required
Colombia Visa not required[41] 180 days
Comoros Visa on arrival[42]
Republic of the Congo Visa required[43]
Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[44]
Costa Rica Visa required[45]
Croatia Visa not required[46] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
Cuba Tourist Card required[47]
Cyprus Visa not required[48] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
Czech Republic Visa not required[49] 90 days
Denmark Visa not required[50] 90 days
Djibouti Visa on arrival[51]
Dominica Visa not required[52] 6 months
Dominican Republic Visa required[53]
Ecuador Visa not required[54] 90 days
Egypt Visa on arrival[55] 30 days
El Salvador Visa required[56]
Equatorial Guinea Visa required[57]
Eritrea Visa required[58]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Estonia Visa not required[59] 90 days
Eswatini Visa not required[60] 30 days
Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[61]
Fiji Visa not required[62] 4 months
Finland Visa not required[63] 90 days
France Visa not required[64] 90 days
Gabon Visa required[65]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Gambia Visa not required[66] 90 days
Georgia eVisa[67]
Germany Visa not required[68] 90 days
Ghana Visa required[69]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Greece Visa not required[70] 90 days
Grenada Visa not required[71] 6 months
  • Beginning on 1 December 2020, all travellers to Grenada will be required to complete an online application in order to receive a Pure Safe Travel Authorization Certificate to enter Grenada.[72]
Guatemala Visa required[73]
Guinea Visa required[74]
Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[75] 90 days
Guyana Visa required[76]
Haiti Visa not required[77] 90 days
Honduras Visa required[78]
Hungary Visa not required[79] 90 days
Iceland Visa not required[80] 90 days
India Visa required[81]
Indonesia Visa required[82]
Iran Visa required[83]
Iraq Visa required[84]
Ireland Visa not required[85]
Israel Visa not required[86] 3 months
Italy Visa not required[87] 90 days
Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[88] 3 months
Jamaica Visa not required[89] 30 days
Japan Visa required[90]
Jordan Visa on arrival[91]
  • Conditions apply[92]
Kazakhstan Visa not required[93]
Kenya Visa on arrival[94] 3 months
Kiribati Visa required[95]
North Korea Visa required[96]
South Korea K-ETA required[97] 30 days
  • British Overseas citizens can enter South Korea as a short term visit (e.g., tours, visiting relatives or friends, attending simple meetings) up to 90 days without a visa, though you should remain aware of the quarantine requirements. You must also have an onward or return ticket. It is illegal to work on a tourist visa, whether as a teacher or in any other capacity.[98]
  • You must be in possession of a Korea Electronic Travel Authorization (K-ETA) to enter Korea visa-free. You can complete your K-ETA application up to 24 hours before boarding your flight and it will be valid for two years from the date of approval. There is a small, non-refundable charge.[98]
Kuwait Visa on arrival[99] 3 months
Kyrgyzstan eVisa[100]
Laos Visa on arrival[101] 30 days
Latvia Visa not required[102] 90 days
Lebanon Visa required[103]
Lesotho Visa not required[104] 14 days
Liberia Visa required[105]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Libya Visa required[106]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Liechtenstein Visa not required[107] 90 days
Lithuania Visa not required[108] 90 days
Luxembourg Visa not required[109] 90 days
Madagascar Visa on arrival[110] 90 days
Malawi Visa required[111]
Malaysia Visa not required[112] 3 months
Maldives Visa on arrival[113] 30 days
Mali Visa required[114]
Malta Visa not required[115] 90 days
Marshall Islands Visa required[116]
Mauritania Visa on arrival[117]
Mauritius Visa not required[118] 90 days
Mexico Visa required[119]
Micronesia Visa not required[120] 30 days
Moldova Visa not required[121] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
Monaco Visa not required[122]
Mongolia Visa required[123]
Montenegro Visa required[124]
Morocco Visa required[125]
Mozambique Visa on arrival[126]
Myanmar eVisa[127] 28 days
Namibia Visa not required[129] 3 months
Nauru Visa required[130]
  Nepal Visa on arrival[131] 90 days
Netherlands Visa not required[132] 90 days
New Zealand Visa required[133]
Nicaragua Visa not required[137] 90 days
Niger Visa required[138]
Nigeria Visa required[139]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
North Macedonia Visa required[140] 90 days
Norway Visa not required[141] 90 days
Oman Visa on arrival[142] 3 months
Pakistan Visa required[143]
Palau Visa on arrival[144] 30 days
Panama Visa not required[145] 180 days
Papua New Guinea Visa required[146]
Paraguay Visa not required[147] 90 days
Peru Visa not required[148] 183 days
Philippines Visa not required[149] 7 days
Poland Visa not required[150] 90 days
Portugal Visa not required[151] 90 days
Qatar Free visa on arrival[152] 30 days
Romania Visa not required[153] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
Russia Visa required[154]
  • 72-hour Visa on arrival in Kaliningrad if traveling as part of a tour group
    organized by an authorized travel agent.[155]
Rwanda Visa not required[156] 90 days
Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[157] 3 months
Saint Lucia Visa not required[158] 6 weeks
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[159] 1 month
Samoa Free Entry Permit on arrival[160] 60 days
  • Free of charge.
San Marino Visa not required[161]
São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[162]
Saudi Arabia Visa required[163]
Senegal eVisa[164] 3 months
Serbia Visa not required[165] 90 days
Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[166] 3 months
  • Free of charge.
Sierra Leone Visa required[167]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Singapore Visa not required[168] 30 days
Slovakia Visa not required[169] 90 days
Slovenia Visa not required[170] 90 days
Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[171] 3 months
  • Free of charge.
Somalia Visa on arrival[172]
South Africa Visa required[173]
South Sudan Visa required[174]
Spain Visa not required[175] 90 days
Sri Lanka Electronic Travel Authorization[176] 30 days
Sudan Visa required[177]
Suriname Visa not required[178] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of 25 USD or 25 Euros must be paid online prior to arrival.[179]
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[180]
Sweden Visa not required[181] 90 days
 Switzerland Visa not required[182] 90 days
Syria Visa required[183]
Tajikistan Visa required[184]
Tanzania Visa on arrival[185]
Thailand Visa required[186]
Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[187] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[188]
Togo Visa on arrival[189] 7 days
Tonga Free visa on arrival[190] 31 days
  • Free of charge.
Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[191] 30 days
Tunisia Visa not required[192] 3 months
Turkey Visa required[193]
Turkmenistan Visa required[194]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Tuvalu Free visa on arrival[195] 1 month
  • Free of charge.
Uganda Visa on arrival[196]
Ukraine Visa required[198]
United Arab Emirates Visa required[199]
United Kingdom Visa not required[200] 6 months
United States Visa required[201]
Uruguay Visa not required[202] 90 days
Uzbekistan eVisa[203][204] 30 days
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Vanuatu Visa not required[205] 30 days
Vatican City Visa not required[206]
Venezuela Visa not required[207] 90 days
Vietnam eVisa[208]
  • A single entry eVisa valid for 30 days is available.[209]
Yemen Visa required[210]
Zambia Visa on arrival[211] 90 days
Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[212] 3 months

British Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories

[edit]
British Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories
Visitor toVisa requirementAllowed stayNotes
Ascension Island eVisa[213][214] 3 months
  • 3 months within any year period
Anguilla Visa not required 3 months[215][216]
  • British Overseas citizens with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
Bermuda Visa not required 6 months[217][218]
  • British Overseas citizens with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
British Antarctic Territory Special permit required[219][220]
British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required[221][222]
British Virgin Islands Visa not required 1 month[223][224]
  • Extension of stay possible.
  • British Overseas citizens with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
Cayman Islands Visa not required 30 Days[225][226]
  • The passenger must arrive directly from the United Kingdom.
  • British Overseas citizens with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
Falkland Islands Visitor's permit on arrival 4 weeks[227][228]
  • The initial visitor's permit is valid for 4 weeks.
  • Visitors who have a connection with the Falkland Islands have right of abode.
Guernsey Visa not required[229]
Isle of Man Visa not required
  • Work or employment permit is required for persons without "Isle of Man worker" status.[230][231]
Jersey Visa not required
  • Work or employment permit is required.[232]
Gibraltar Visa not required[233]
Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[234]
  • British Overseas citizens with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days[234]
Saint Helena Entry permit on arrival 183 days[239]
  • The entry permit costs £25 and is issued on arrival.
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required
Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required 90 days[243][244]
  • British Overseas citizens with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
Tristan da Cunha Permission required

Territories

[edit]
Europe
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Abkhazia Visa required[246]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[247][248]
Belarus Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park Visa not required 3 days;[249] must first obtain an electronic pass[250]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa required Visa policy of Russia applies de facto.[251]
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[252]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[253] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
Faroe Islands Visa not required[254]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required[255] Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[256] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[257]
Jersey Visa not required[258]
Kosovo Visa not required[259] 90 days
Novorossiya Restricted area Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[260]
Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[261]
South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[262][263]
Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[264][265]
Africa
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[266]
Mayotte Visa not required[267] 90 days
Réunion Visa not required[267] 90 days
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Visa not required up to 3 months.[268]
Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[269][270]
Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[271]
Asia
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Hong Kong Visa not required[272] 3 months[272] Prior to April 1997, British Overseas citizens were allowed to land and remain in Hong Kong for 12 months without being subject to any other condition of stay.[273]
India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[274][275][276][277][278][279]
Iraqi Kurdistan Visa on arrival 15 days[280]
Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[281]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[282]
Macao Visa not required[283] 6 months
Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[284]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[285]
North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
Palestine Visa not required[286] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[287]
Taiwan Visa required[288]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[289][290][291]
Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[292]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone
Vietnam Phú Quốc Visa not required Can visit without a visa for up to 30 days.[293]
Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sanaa or Aden.[294]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)f
Aruba Visa not required[295] 30 days, extendable to 180 days[296]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required[297] 90 days
Colombia San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[298]
Curacao Visa not required[299] 3 months
France French Guiana Visa not required[300] 90 days
France French West Indies Visa not required 90 days. French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.[301]
Greenland Visa not required[254]
Venezuela Margarita Island Visa not required All visitors are fingerprinted.[302]
Puerto Rico Visa required[303]
Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[267]
Sint Maarten Visa not required[304] 3 months[305]
U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[306]
Oceania
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
American Samoa Visa required[307][308]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[309]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[310]
Cook Islands Visa not required[311] 31 days
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[312]
French Polynesia Visa not required[313] 90 days
Guam Visa not required[314] Visa not required under the Guam - CNMI Visa Waiver Program, for 45 days. Must also present a Hong Kong identity card.
New Caledonia Visa not required[267] 90 days
Niue Visa on arrival[315] 30 days
Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required[316] Visa not required under the Guam - CNMI Visa Waiver Program, for 45 days. Must also present a Hong Kong identity card.
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permit required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[317][318][319][320][321][322][323]
Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[267] 90 days
South America
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[324]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Antarctica Special permits required for French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Bouvet Island Bouvet Island, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[325][326][327][328][329][330][331][332][333][334][335][336]

Right to consular protection

[edit]
Diplomatic missions of the United Kingdom

When in a country where there is no British embassy, British Overseas citizens have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other commonwealth country present in that country.

See also List of diplomatic missions of the United Kingdom.

Non-visa restrictions

[edit]

Blank passport pages

[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[337] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

[edit]
Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel and International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

The African countries of Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan and Uganda, along with French Guiana in South America, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year,[338] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis.[339]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[340][341]

Passport validity length

[edit]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[342][343] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[344]

Some countries, such as Japan,[345] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[346] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[347] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[348] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[349] Philippines,[350] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[351]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[352] and South Africa.

Maximum passport age

[edit]

Countries of the Schengen area require non-EU passports to be less than 10 years old upon entry.[353]

Criminal record

[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[354] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[355]

Israeli stamps

[edit]

Kuwait,[356] Lebanon,[357] Libya,[358] and Yemen[359] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

[edit]
See also: Biometric identification by country

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[360]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[361][362] Argentina,[363] Brunei, Cambodia,[364] China,[365] Ethiopia,[366] Ghana, Guinea,[367] India, Japan,[368][369] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[370] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[371] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[372] the Schengen Area,[373] Singapore, South Korea,[374] Taiwan, Thailand,[375] Uganda,[376] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[377][378][379] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[380]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[381] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[382][383] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[384] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[385][386]

Foreign travel statistics

[edit]

The following data from the Office for National Statistics Travel Trends database estimate the number of visits made by UK residents abroad to most-visited countries in the year 2024.[387]

Country Number of visits (thousands)
Canada 657
United States 4,055
Austria 844
Belgium 1,428
Bulgaria 624
Czechia 671
Cyprus 1,289
Denmark 874
Finland 225
France 9,347
Germany 3,244
Greece 3,777
Hungary 831
Republic of Ireland 3,626
Italy 4,839
Lithuania 404
Luxembourg 119
Malta 743
Netherlands 2,688
Norway 593
Poland 2,926
Portugal 3,685
Romania 1,644
Russia 19
Slovakia 270
Spain 17,771
Sweden 551
 Switzerland 1,039
Turkey 4,081
Egypt 771
Morocco 1,243
Tunisia 300
South Africa 345
Nigeria 251
Israel 89
United Arab Emirates 1,401
Hong Kong 368
China (excluding Hong Kong) 620
India 2,053
Japan 373
Pakistan 625
Sri Lanka 178
Thailand 593
Australia 564
New Zealand 160
Barbados 180
Jamaica 259
Brazil 209
Mexico 567

See also

[edit]

References and notes

[edit]
References
  1. ↑ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  2. ↑ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  3. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  4. ↑ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
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  8. ↑ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
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  88. ↑ Visa at International Airport Felix Houphouet Boigny in Abidjan
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  332. ↑ "Forms expeditioners must sign". Retrieved 5 March 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  333. ↑ "Frequently asked questions". 28 February 2005.
  334. ↑ "Peter I Øy - Norwegian Polar Institute". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  335. ↑ "Dronning Maud Land". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
  336. ↑ "Antarctica - NZ Procedures for Non-Governmental Visitors to Antarctica: NZ Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Archived from the original on 22 May 2010. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
  337. ↑ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  338. ↑ "Countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and countries requiring yellow fever vaccination" (PDF). World Health Organization. United Nations. 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  339. ↑ "Fièvre jaune" (in French). 2 September 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
  340. ↑ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  341. ↑ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  342. ↑ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  343. ↑ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  344. ↑ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  345. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  346. ↑ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  347. ↑ "Bahrain government website". Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  348. ↑ "Passports and Visa | GoIsrael - the Official Website of Tourism to Israel".
  349. ↑ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  350. ↑ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  351. ↑ "Timatic". Archived from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  352. ↑ "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  353. ↑ "Travel documents for non-EU nationals". Your Europe.
  354. ↑ Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  355. ↑ "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 18 March 2005. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  356. ↑ "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 16 November 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  357. ↑ Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  358. ↑ "Travel Advice for Libya - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  359. ↑ "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  360. ↑ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  361. ↑ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  362. ↑ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  363. ↑ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  364. ↑ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012.
  365. ↑ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective 27 April 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  366. ↑ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  367. ↑ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
  368. ↑ "Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move". Reuters. 20 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  369. ↑ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 26 October 2007.
  370. ↑ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  371. ↑ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  372. ↑ "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  373. ↑ "The new Entry/Exit System went live on 12 October - Migration and Home Affairs". home-affairs.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  374. ↑ "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  375. ↑ "National News Bureau of Thailand".
  376. ↑ AfricaNews (14 January 2019). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Archived from the original on 24 April 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  377. ↑ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  378. ↑ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  379. ↑ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  380. ↑ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  381. ↑ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  382. ↑ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  383. ↑ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
  384. ↑ Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016). "Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders". Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Unlike with documents, it's very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That's why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else's passport.
  385. ↑ "Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints". Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Singapore has started scanning travellers' eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
  386. ↑ Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018). "5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved 24 April 2019. The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.
  387. ↑ "Travel trends estimates: UK residents' visits abroad". Office for National Statistics. 26 August 2025. Retrieved 27 August 2026.
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