Portal:Coffee

The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted, ground coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content, but decaffeinated coffee is also commercially available. There are also various coffee substitutes.

Coffee production begins when the seeds from coffee cherries (the Coffea plant's fruits) are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The "beans" are roasted and then ground into fine particles. Coffee is brewed from the ground roasted beans, which are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

Though coffee has become a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible reports of coffee drinking pertain to the plant's use among the Sufis of Yemen (southern Arabia) in the middle of the 15th century. Up to the end of the 17th century, most of the world's coffee was imported from Yemen. As it gained in popularity, coffee started to be cultivated in Java in the 17th century and the Americas from the 18th century. (Full article...)

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Coffea arabica flowers

Coffea arabica (/əˈræbɪkə/), also known as the Arabica coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated and is the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean (C. canephora) makes up most of the remaining coffee production. The natural populations of Coffea arabica are restricted to the forests of South Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Yemen. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Nespresso machine containing professional-grade Nespresso pods, incompatible with the regular capsules (from Nespresso)
Image 2A Nespresso store in Lugano, Switzerland (from Nespresso)
Image 3Coffea flower (from Coffea)
Image 4Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 5Nespresso paper pods (from Nespresso)
Image 6An English café at the close of the 17th century: men hang their hats on pegs and sit at long communal tables strewn with papers and writing implements. Coffee pots are ranged at an open fire, with a hanging cauldron of boiling water. The only woman present is separated in a canopied booth, from which she serves coffee in tall cups. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 7Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 8A VertuoLine machine and capsules (from Nespresso)
Image 9Pollen grains of Coffee plant (from Coffea)
Image 10Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 11A traditional aluminium pod (left) and a paper pod (right) compared (from Nespresso)
Image 12Café Ekberg in Helsinki in 2024 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 13Coffea branches (from Coffea)
Image 14A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 15Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 16A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 17Palestinian women grinding coffee beans (from Coffeehouse)
Image 18In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 19German Empot coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 20A pair of Nespresso Magimix M100 machines (from Nespresso)
Image 21A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 22Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 23Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 24Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon (from Coffeehouse)
Image 25Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 26Interior of an espresso bar in Baliwag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 27Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 28Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in Manhattan, founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 29Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 30Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims to being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 31A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 32The port city Mocha in Yemen 1692. (from History of coffee)
Image 33Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 34Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 35Café Tortoni is a café in Buenos Aires frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among other public figures. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 36Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 37A coffee shop in Bacoor, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 38Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 39Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 40A pair of the VertuoLine style pods (from Nespresso)
Image 41A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 42Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 43A coffee can from the first half of the 20th century. From the Museo del Objeto del Objeto collection. (from History of coffee)
Image 44A North American enjoying his coffee to go, even though he's in Europe (from Coffee culture)
Image 45"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (from Coffeehouse)
Image 46Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 47Coffea fruits, Bali (from Coffea)
Image 48Coffea racemosa fruits (from Coffea)
Image 49Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 50Coffea fruit cross section (from Coffea)
Image 51Coffea arabica flowers (from Coffea)
Image 52The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest "coffee palace" ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 53Coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 54Freshly harvested coffee cherries (from Coffea)
Image 55Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 56Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 57A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 58The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 59Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 60The word for coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 61Evening Café Culture in Aix-en-Provence (from Coffee culture)
Image 62A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 63Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 64Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Image 65Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
Image 66Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 6718th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 68A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 69Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 70The base of a first-generation Nespresso machine capsule holder; as well as the raised squares which controls capsule rupture points, the holes between the squares through which the espresso exits the holder are also visible (from Nespresso)
Image 71Ripe Coffea arabica fruits (from Coffea)
Image 72A Nespresso store at Plaza Indonesia (from Nespresso)
Image 73A Starbucks coffee shop in Knoxville, Tennessee with a drive-through (from Coffeehouse)
Image 74Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 75A shop specializing in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 76Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 77Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 78Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Image 79Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 80A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 81Beans inside a Coffea arabica fruit (from Coffea)
Image 82Coffea arabica beans germinating (from Coffea)
Image 83Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 84The Café de Flore on the Rive Gauche in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. Its famous clientele included writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)

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... that Toussaint Coffee Liqueur is named after the revolutionary fighter Toussaint Louverture?

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Coffee cherry tea is a herbal tea made from the dried skins and/or pulp of the fruit of the coffee plant that remain after the coffee beans have been collected from within. It is also known as cascara, from the Spanish cáscara, meaning "husk". It is similar to a traditional beverage in Yemen and Ethiopia. Starting about 2005 it was independently developed and promoted for export by Salvadoran coffee farmer Aida Batlle. The dried whole fruits are also eaten like raisins. (Full article...)

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French press

Credit: Yongbin

Coffee brewed with a French press

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Did you know (auto-generated)

... that the city council of Bandung in the Dutch East Indies initially met at the site of a former coffee-packing factory?
... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?
... that Franz Liszt's female admirers would fight over his cigar stubs and coffee dregs as souvenirs?
... that the anti-Francoist guerrilla Marcelino Massana pranked the Civil Guard captain who was trying to kill him by paying for his coffee?
... that a Vancouver TV station was intended to stop the "$1,500 cup of coffee"?
... that Mammillaria luethyi was not seen for 44 years after being discovered growing in a coffee can on the windowsill of Mrs Crosby's?
... that Steem peanut butter contained as much caffeine per serving as two cups of coffee?
... that the lyricist of "Coffee Houser Sei Addata" wrote its last lyrics on a cigarette packet?

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Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915

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v t e Coffee
Topics	Economics Fair trade History International Coffee Day Single-origin coffee Third-wave coffee
Production	Coffee production Organic coffee Shade-grown coffee Sustainable coffee List of countries by coffee production Coffee roasting Coffee wastewater Decaffeination Home roasting
Species and varieties	Arabica Benguet Blue Mountain Bonifieur Bourbon Geisha Kona Maracaturra Maragogipe Molokai S795 Sagada Charrieriana Liberica Barako Racemosa Robusta Sulu Stenophylla
Components	Cafestol Caffeic acid Caffeine Coffee bean Furan-2-ylmethanethiol Kahweol
Preparation	AeroPress Arabic coffee Jebena Brewed coffee Chemex Cezve Chorreador Coffeemaker Cold brew nitro Drip coffee Espresso doppio lungo ristretto Espresso machine French drip Karlsbad coffee maker French press Instant coffee Coffee syrup Knockbox Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot Net-filter coffee (Vietnamese) Percolator Turkish coffee Yazdi coffee Vacuum maker Single-serve coffee container
Coffee drinks	Affogato Americano Beaten coffee Bica Bicerin Black Russian Cà phê sữa đá Café au lait Café com cheirinho Café con leche Café de olla Café Touba Café tropeiro Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Caffè mocha Cappuccino Carajillo Coffee cabinet Coffee milk Cortado Café Cubano Dalgona coffee Egg coffee Einspänner Espresso Flat white Frappé coffee Frappuccino Galão Garoto Gassosa al caffè Iced coffee Indian filter coffee Ipoh white coffee Irish coffee Karsk Kopi Kopi luwak Kopi tubruk Kurdish coffee Latte macchiato Latte Liqueur coffee Long black Lungo Marocchino Mazagran Moretta Oliang Raf coffee Red eye Ristretto Rüdesheimer Kaffee Tenom coffee Turkish coffee White coffee White Russian Wiener Melange Yazdi coffee Yuenyeung
Organization lists	Bakery cafés Coffee companies Coffeehouses
Lifestyle	Barista Bikini barista Caffè sospeso Coffee break Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea CoffeeCon Coffee culture Australia Former Yugoslavia Coffee cupping Coffee palace Coffeehouse Historical coffeehouses Kopi tiam Latte art Viennese coffee house
Substitutes	Barley coffee Barley tea Barleycup Caro Cereal coffee Chicory Dandelion coffee Inka Maya nut Postum Qishr
Serving vessels	Coffee cup sleeve Cezve Demitasse spoon Tasse à café Zarf
Competitions	United States Barista Championship World Barista Championship World Brewers Cup
Misc.	Canned coffee Coffee and doughnuts Coffee bag Coffee leaf rust Coffee service Coffee vending machine Coffee wars Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment International Coffee Organization Low acid coffee Specialty coffee Sustainable coffee Used coffee grounds
Coffee portal Category: Coffee

v t e Coffee production by region
Top 20 producers (2014)	Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Ethiopia Guatemala Honduras India Indonesia Java Ivory Coast Mexico Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Peru Tanzania Thailand Uganda Vietnam
Other cultivators	Angola Bolivia China Cameroon Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo Guadeloupe Guam Haiti Jamaica Kenya Laos Martinique Panama Paraguay Philippines Puerto Rico Sri Lanka Timor-Leste United States (Hawaii) Venezuela
Lists	List of countries by coffee production List of countries by coffee exports

v t e Coffee in Italy
Roasters	illy Lavazza Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group Caffè Pascucci Caffè del Doge Guglielmo Caffè
Historical Coffeehouses	Antico Caffè Greco Caffè Bardi Caffè-Pasticceria Cova Caffè Florian Caffè Giubbe Rosse Caffè Lavena Caffè Michelangiolo Caffè Quadri Caffè San Marco Caffè Fiorio Caffè Gambrinus Gran Caffè Doney Palazzina Majani, Bologna Pedrocchi Café Antico Caffè Spinnato
People	Alfonso Bialetti Francesco Illy Luigi Bezzera Luigi Lavazza Angelo Moriondo
Technology	Bialetti Caffitaly Cimbali FrancisFrancis De'Longhi Elektra Faema Gaggia La Marzocco La Pavoni Lelit Rancilio Saeco Smeg
Drinks	Affogato Barbajada Bicerin Bombardino Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Espressino Espresso Lungo Ristretto Doppio Latte macchiato Marocchino Mocaccino Shakerato Gassosa al caffè Moretta
Other	Barista Caffè sospeso Easy Serving Espresso Pod Espresso machine IperEspresso ISSpresso Lavazza A Modo Mio Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot