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List of tallest freestanding structures

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Tallest freestanding structures in the world in 2015:
1. Burj Khalifa skyscraper
2. Tokyo Skytree tower
3. Shanghai Tower skyscraper
4. Mecca Clock Tower skyscraper
5. Canton Tower tower
6. CN Tower tower
7. One World Trade Center skyscraper
8. Ostankino Tower tower
9. Sears Tower skyscraper
10. Taipei 101 skyscaper

Overview

[edit]

The Burj Khalifa is the tallest structure ever built, with a pinnacle height of 830 m (2722 ft) tall. The 20th and 21st centuries marked a notable uptick in terms of construction of tall structures. The majority of supertall structures are in the United States or Asia. Most of the tallest structures during that time period have been guyed masts, which are not considered freestanding as they require guy wires for support.

List of heights

[edit]

This list includes all freestanding structures of at least 350 meters or 1148 ft. Guyed structures or offshore structures do not count for the list. For all buildings, they are listed by pinnacle height and not architectural height, so the ranking will differ from the List of tallest buildings, such as the Willis Tower being above the Taipei 101. This list includes now demolished or destroyed structures, such as the original World Trade Center. The dates listed are when the structures topped out, not necessarily when they were finished.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (September 2025)
Clear Denotes structure that is or was once the tallest in the world
Clear Denotes structure that has been destroyed
Bold Denotes structure that is not a building
Name Height[1][2] Image Town/City Country Year Comments Ref
m ft
1 Burj Khalifa 829.8 2,722 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2009 Tallest structure in the world since 2009 [3]
2 Merdeka 118 680.5 2,233 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 2021 Tallest structure built in the 2020s [4]
3 Tokyo Skytree 634 2,080 Tokyo Japan 2011 Tallest structure on an island; Tallest tower in the world since 2011; tallest structure built in the 2010s [5]
4 Shanghai Tower 632 2,073 Shanghai China 2013 Tallest structure in China; tallest structure not in a Capital city [6]
5 Canton Tower 602 1,975 Guangzhou China 2009 Tallest tower in the world from 2009 to 2011 [7]
6 Mecca Royal Clock Tower
(Abraj al-Bait) 		601 1,972 Mecca Saudi Arabia 2011 Tallest clock tower and contains the highest museum in the world [8]
7 Ping An International Finance Centre 599.1 1,966 Shenzhen China 2017 Tallest all-office building in the world [9]
8 Goldin Finance 117 597 1,959 Tianjin China 2015 Topped out but unfinished; Tallest abandoned building in the world [10]
9 Lotte World Tower 555 1,821 Seoul South Korea 2017 Tallest building in South Korea and the OECD [11]
10 CN Tower 553.3 1,815 Toronto Canada 1975 Tallest freestanding structure in the world from 1975 to 2009; tallest freestanding structure in the Western Hemisphere; tallest freestanding structure built in the 20th century [12]
11 One World Trade Center
(Freedom Tower) 		546.2 1,792 New York City United States 2013 Tallest freestanding structure in the United States [13]
12 Ostankino Tower 540.1 1,772 Moscow Russia 1967 Tallest freestanding structure in the world from 1967 to 1975; Tallest freestanding structure in Russia and Europe; tallest freestanding structure built in the 1960s [14]
13 Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre 530 1,739 Guangzhou China 2016 [15]
Tianjin CTF Finance Centre 530 1,739 Tianjin China 2019 [16]
15 China Zun
(CITIC Tower) 		527.7 1,731 Beijing China 2018 [17]
16 Willis Tower
(Sears Tower) 		527 1,729 Chicago United States 1973 Originally 520 meters (1,707 ft) prior to antenna extension in 2000 [18]
17 One World Trade Center (Old)
(North Tower) 		526.7 1,728 New York City United States 1970 Destroyed in 2001; tallest freestanding structure to ever be destroyed [19]
18 Taipei 101 509.2 1,671 Taipei Taiwan 2003 [20]
19 Shanghai World Financial Center 494.3 1,622 Shanghai China 2008 [21]
20 International Commerce Centre 484 1,588 Hong Kong Hong Kong 2010 [22]
21 Wuhan Greenland Center 475.6 1,560 Wuhan China 2022 [23]
22 Central Park Tower 472.4 1,550 New York City United States 2019 Tallest residential building [24]
23 Landmark 81 470.3 1,543 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam 2018 Tallest building in Vietnam [25]
24 Oriental Pearl Tower 468 1,535 Shanghai China 1994 Tallest structure built in the 1990s [26][27]
25 Lakhta Center 462 1,516 St Petersburg Russia 2018 Northernmost skyscraper in the world [28]
26 Chongqing International Trade and Commerce Center 458 1,503 Chongqing China 2024
27 875 North Michigan Avenue
(John Hancock Center) 		457 1,499 Chicago United States 1968 [29]
28 Zifeng Tower 453 1,486 Nanjing China 2010 [30]
29 Changsha IFS Tower T1 452 1,483 Changsha China 2018 [31]
30 Petronas Tower 1 451.9 1,483 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 1996 Tallest twin buildings [32][33]
Petronas Tower 2
32 Suzhou IFS 450 1,476 Suzhou China 2019 [34]
33 The Exchange 106 445.5 1,462 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 2019 [35]
34 Empire State Building 443.2 1,454 New York City United States 1930 Tallest structure in the world from 1930 to 1967 [36]
35 Wuhan Center 443.1 1,454 Wuhan China 2015 [37]
36 KK100 442 1,450 Shenzhen China 2011 [38]
37 Guangzhou International Finance Center 438.6 1,439 Guangzhou China 2010 [39]
38 111 West 57th Street 435.3 1,428 New York City United States 2019 Thinnest skyscraper in the world with a width-to-height ratio of about 1:24 [40]
39 Milad Tower 435 1,427 Tehran Iran 2007 [41]
40 Shandong International Financial Center 428 1,404 Jinan China 2025 [42]
41 One Vanderbilt 427 1,401 New York City United States 2019 [43]
42 432 Park Avenue 425.5 1,396 New York City United States 2014 [44]
43 Marina 101 425 1,394 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2017 [45]
44 Trump Tower (Chicago) 423.1 1,388 Chicago United States 2009 Commissioned by and named after Donald Trump [46]
45 270 Park Ave
(JP Morgan Chase Building) 		423 1,388 New York City United States 2024 [47]
46 Dongguan International Trade Center 1 422.6 1,386 Dongguan China 2020 [48]
47 Kuala Lumpur Tower 421 1,381 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 1994 [49]
48 Jin Mao Tower 420.5 1,380 Shanghai China 1999 [50]
49 GRES-2 Power Station 419.7 1,377 Ekıbastūz Kazakhstan 1987 Tallest freestanding structure built in the 1980s; Tallest chimney in the world [51]
50 Nanjing Financial City II 416.6 1,367 Nanjing China 2024 [52]
51 Tianjin Tower 415.2 1,362 Tianjin China 1991 [53]
52 Two World Trade Center (old)
(South Tower) 		415 1,362 New York City United States 1971 Destroyed in 2001 [19]
53 Princess Tower 414 1,358 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2012 [54]
54 Al Hamra Tower 412.6 1,354 Kuwait City Kuwait 2010 [55]
55 Two International Finance Centre 412 1,352 Hong Kong Hong Kong 1998 [56]
56 Haeundae LCT The Sharp Landmark Tower 411.6 1,350 Busan South Korea 2019 [57]
57 Ningbo Central Plaza 409 1,342 Ningbo China 2024 [58]
58 Central Radio & TV Tower 405 1,329 Beijing China 1992 [59][60]
59 Guangxi China Resources Tower 403 1,322 Nanning China 2020 [61]
60 Guiyang International Financial Center Tower 1 401 1,316 Guiyang China 2020 [62][63]
61 23 Marina 395 1,296 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2012 [64]
62 Iconic Tower 393.8 1,292 New Administrative Capital Egypt 2021 Tallest structure in Africa [65]
63 China Merchants Bank Tower 393 1,289 Shenzhen China 2025 [66]
64 China Resources Tower 392.5 1,288 Shenzhen China 2016 [67]
65 CITIC Plaza 391 1,283 Guangzhou China 1996 [68]
66 30 Hudson Yards 390 1,280 New York City United States 2019 [69]
67 Citymark Centre 388.3 1,274 Shenzhen China 2022 [70]
68 Shum Yip Upperhills Tower 1 388.1 1,273 Shenzhen China 2020 [71]
69 Zhongyuan Tower 388 1,273 Zhengzhou China 2011 [72]
Eton Place Dalian Tower 1 388 1,273 Dalian China 2015 [73]
71 Kyiv TV Tower 385 1,263 Kyiv Ukraine 1973 [74]
Public Investment Fund Tower 385 1,263 Riyadh Saudi Arabia 2014 [75]
73 Shun Hing Square 384 1,260 Shenzhen China 1996 [76]
74 Autograph Tower 382.9 1,256 Jakarta Indonesia 2020 Tallest freestanding structure in the Southern Hemisphere. [77] [78]
75 Burj Mohammed bin Rashid 382 1,253 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates 2014 [79]
76 Inco Superstack 381 1,250 Greater Sudbury Canada 1972 Scheduled to be demolished by 2029 [80]
77 Elite Residence 380.5 1,248 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2012 [81]
78 Jintang-Cezi Overhead Powerline Link 380 1,247 Jintang Island China 2019
79 85 Sky Tower 378 1,240 Kaohsiung Taiwan 1997 [29]
80 Riverview Plaza 376 1,234 Wuhan China 2021 [82]
81 Dabaihui Plaza 375.6 1,232 Shenzhen China 2021
82 Guangdong Business Center 375.5 1,232 Guangzhou China 2025 [83]
83 Tashkent Tower 375 1,230 Tashkent Uzbekistan 1984
84 Central Plaza 373.9 1,227 Hong Kong Hong Kong 1992 Contains the highest church in the world [84]
85 Federation Tower (East Tower) 373.7 1,226 Moscow Russia 2017 [85]
86 Hengfeng Guiyang Center Tower 1 373.5 1,225 Guiyang China 2025 [86]
87 Liberation Tower 372 1,220 Kuwait City Kuwait 1993
88 Almaty Tower 371.5 1,219 Almaty Kazakhstan 1983
89 Homer City Generating Station 371 1,217 Center Township United States 1977 Demolished in 2025; Tallest freestanding structure to be voluntarily demolished; Tallest freestanding structure not in a city
90 Dalian International Trade Center 370.2 1,215 Dalian China 2017 [87]
91 Kennecott Smokestack 370 1,214 Magna United States 1974 [88]
Beryozovskaya GRES Power Station 370 1,214 Sharypovo Russia 1985 Tallest currently standing structure not in a city
Zhoushan Island Overhead Pylon 370 1,214 Zhoushan Island China 2009
Bank of America Tower 370 1,214 New York City United States 2009 [89]
The Boulevard 370 1,214 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2017 [90]
Xujiahui Tower 370 1,214 Shanghai China 2025 [91]
97 Haitian Center Tower 2 369 1,211 Qingdao China 2020 [92]
Çamlıca Tower 369 1,211 Istanbul Turkey 2020
99 Riga Radio and TV Tower 368.5 1,209 Riga Latvia 1989 [93][94]
100 Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower A 368.1 1,208 Nanjing China 2019 [95]
101 Fernsehturm Berlin 368 1,207 Berlin Germany 1969
102 Mitchell Power Plant 367.6 1,206 Moundsville United States 1971
103 Bank of China Tower 367.4 1,205 Hong Kong Hong Kong 1990 [96]
104 Ciel Tower 365.5 1,199 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2025 Tallest hotel in the world [97]
105 St. Regis Chicago 365 1,198 Chicago United States 2020 Tallest structure in the world designed by a woman [98]
106 Aon Center 362.5 1,189 Chicago United States 1973 [29]
107 Trbovlje Power Station 360 1,181 Trbovlje Slovenia 1976
Almas Tower 360 1,181 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2008 [99]
The Pinnacle 360 1,181 Guangzhou China 2012 [100]
Ping An Finance Center Tower 1 360 1,181 Jinan China 2023 [101]
111 Huiyun Center 359.2 1,178 Shenzhen China 2025 [102]
112 Hanking Center 358.9 1,177 Shenzhen China 2018 [103]
113 City Tower 1 358 1,175 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2025 [104]
Greenland Group Suzhou Center 358 1,175 Suzhou China 2024 [105][106]
115 Gevora Hotel 356.3 1,169 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2017 [107]
116 Endesa Termic 356 1,168 As Pontes de García Rodríguez Spain 1974
Il Primo Dubai 356 1,168 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2021 [108]
Galaxy World Tower 1 356 1,168 Shenzhen China 2023 [109][110]
Galaxy World Tower 2
120 JW Marriott Marquis Dubai Tower 1 355.4 1,166 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2012 [111][112]
JW Marriott Marquis Dubai Tower 2
2013
122 First Canadian Place 355 1,165 Toronto Canada 1975 [113]
123 Raffles City Chongqing T3N 354.5 1,163 Chongqing China 2019 [114][115]
Raffles City Chongqing T4N
125 OKO South Tower 354.1 1,162 Moscow Russia 2015 [116]
126 The Marina Torch 352 1,155 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2011 [117]
CBRT Tower 352 1,155 Istanbul Turkey 2024 Tallest building in Europe outside of Russia [118]
Changtai Yangtze River Bridge 352 1,155 Jiangsu Province China 2025 Tallest bridge columns in the world [119]
129 Phoenix Copper Smelter 351.5 1,153 Baia Mare Romania 1995
Lotus Tower 351.5 1,153 Colombo Sri Lanka 2019 [120]
131 Forum 66 351 1,152 Shenyang China 2015 [121]
132 The Strat 350.2 1,149 Las Vegas United States 1995
133 Syrdarya Power Plant 350 1,148 Shirin Uzbekistan 1975
Xi'an Glory International Financial Center 350 1,148 Xi'an China 2021 [122]

Timeline of tallest structures

[edit]

This section chronicles structures that at one point held the crown of the world's tallest freestanding structure, going as far back as the beginning of the common era.

Years as tallest Name Height[1][2] Image City Country Year Comments
m ft
2570 BCE - 1240 CE Great Pyramid of Giza 146.6 481 Giza Egypt 2570 BCE Longest time spent as world's tallest man made structure, holding the record for 3,800 years; Height was reduced to 138.5 meters over time
1240-1311 Old St Paul's Cathedral 149 489 London United Kingdom 1240
1311-1549 Lincoln Cathedral 160 525 Lincoln United Kingdom 1311 Central spire was destroyed in 1549
1549-1569 St. Mary's Church, Stralsund 151 495 Stralsund Germany 1478
1569-1573 Beauvais Cathedral 153 502 Beauvais France 1569 Spire collapsed in 1573
1573-1647 St. Mary's Church, Stralsund 151 495 Stralsund Germany 1478 Bell tower burned down in 1647
1647-1874 Strasbourg Cathedral 142 466 Strasbourg France 1439
1874-1876 Church of St Nicholas 147 482 Hamburg Germany 1874 Main church building was destroyed in 1943
1876-1880 Rouen Cathedral 151 495 Rouen France 1876
1880-1884 Cologne Cathedral 157 515 Cologne Germany 1880
1884-1889 Washington Monument 169 554 fameless Washington, D.C. United States 1884
1889-1929 Eiffel Tower 312 1,024 Paris France 1889 First structure to surpass 300 meters tall; height was increased to 330 meters in 2022
1929-1930 Chrysler Building 319 1,047 New York City United States 1929 First supertall skyscraper ever constructed
1930-1967 Empire State Building 443.2 1,454 New York City United States 1930 First structure to surpass 400 meters tall; Was 381 meters tall prior to its antenna being installed in 1953
1967-1975 Ostankino Tower 540.1 1,772 Moscow Russia 1967 First freestanding structure to surpass 500 meters tall
1975-2009 CN Tower 553.3 1,815 Toronto Canada 1975 Tallest freestanding structure in North America and the Western Hemisphere; tallest freestanding structure built in the 20th century
2009-Present Burj Khalifa 829.8 2,722 Dubai United Arab Emirates 2009 First structure to surpass 800 meters tall; China's Canton Tower, which is taller than the CN Tower, completed earlier, but the Burj Khalifa was taller even before topping out

Tallest Structures by Continent

[edit]
Continent Structure Height Topped Out Country City
m ft
Asia Burj Khalifa 829.8 2,722 2009 United Arab Emirates Dubai
North America CN Tower 553.3 1,815 1975 Canada Toronto
Europe Ostankino Tower 540.1 1,772 1967 Russia Moscow
Africa Iconic Tower 393.8 1,292 2021 Egypt New Administrative Capital
Oceania Sky Tower 328 1,076 1997 New Zealand Auckland
South America Gran Torre Costanera 300 984 2012 Chile Santiago
Antarctica Long Duration Balloon Payload Preparation Buildings 15 49 2005 United States

Countries with most structures on list

[edit]
Rank Country Number of structures on list City(s) with most structures on list Tallest structure Height
m ft
1 China 52 Shenzhen Shanghai Tower 632 2,073
2 United States 20 New York One World Trade Center 546.2 1,792
3 United Arab Emirates 15 Dubai Burj Khalifa 829.8 2,722
4 Malaysia 5 Kuala Lumpur Merdeka 118 680.5 2,233
Russia 5 Moscow Ostankino Tower 540.1 1,772
6 Hong Kong 4 Hong Kong International Commerce Centre 484 1,588
7 Canada 3 Toronto CN Tower 553.3 1,815
8 Saudi Arabia 2 Mecca, Riyadh The Clock Towers 601 1,972
South Korea 2 Seoul, Busan Lotte World Tower 555 1,821
Taiwan 2 Taipei, Kaohsiung Taipei 101 509.2 1,671
Kazakhstan 2 Ekıbastūz, Almaty GRES-2 Power Station 419.7 1,377
Kuwait 2 Kuwait City Al Hamra Tower 412.6 1,354
Uzbekistan 2 Tashkent, Shirin Tashkent Tower 375 1,230
Turkey 2 Istanbul Çamlıca Tower 369 1,211
15 Japan 1 Tokyo Tokyo Skytree 634 2,080
Vietnam 1 Ho Chi Minh City Landmark 81 470.3 1,543
Iran 1 Tehran Milad Tower 435 1,427
Egypt 1 New Administrative Capital Iconic Tower 393.8 1,292
Ukraine 1 Kyiv Kyiv TV Tower 385 1,263
Indonesia 1 Jakarta Autograph Tower 382.9 1,256
Latvia 1 Riga Riga Radio and TV Tower 368.5 1,209
Germany 1 Berlin Fernsehturm Berlin 368 1,207
Slovenia 1 Trbovlje Trbovlje Power Station 360 1,181
Spain 1 As Pontes de García Rodríguez Endesa Termic 356 1,168
Romania 1 Baia Mare Phoenix Copper Smelter 351.5 1,153
Sri Lanka 1 Colombo Lotus Tower 351.5 1,153

See Also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  118. ^ "İstanbul'a Avrupa'nın en yüksek binası! Yeni Merkez Bankası için zorlu çalışma". Milliyet (in Turkish). September 8, 2023. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  119. ^ Zheng, Hehui; Shen, Huijun; Liu, Zhao; Xi, Zhuo (March 20, 2025). "Deformation Evaluation in Welded Rebar Parts for Pylons and Its Application in Changtai Yangtze River Bridge". Buildings. 15 (6) 976. doi:10.3390/buildings15060976.
  120. ^ "Lotus Tower – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  121. ^ "Forum 66 Tower 1 - the Skyscraper Center".
  122. ^ "Glory・Xi'an International Financial Center - the Skyscraper Center".
Tallest buildings and structures
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List of tallest freestanding structures
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