Hamza Makhdoom
Hamza Makhdoom | |
|---|---|
حمزه مخدوٗم | |
 | |
| Personal life | |
| Born | Hamza Makhdoom 1494 CE (900 AH) Tujjar, Zaingeer, Sopore |
| Died | 1576 CE (984 AH) |
| Resting place | Koh-e-Maran, Srinagar, Kashmir |
| Parents |
|
| Era | Shah Mir era |
| Region | Kashmir |
| Alma mater | Darul Shifa Madrasa, Shamsi Chak seminary |
| Known for | Sufism |
| Relatives | Ali Makhdoom (brother) |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Tariqa | Suhrawardiyya, Kubrawiya |
| Creed | Maturidi |
| Muslim leader | |
| Teacher | Baba Fatehullah, Sheikh Ismail Kabroi |
Students
| |
Influenced by |
Hamza Makhdoom, popularly known as Makhdoom Sahib (c. 1494 – c. 1576), was a Sufi mystic living in the Kashmir Valley.[1][2][3][4] He is sometimes referred to as Mehboob-ul-Alam (literally, "beloved of the world") and Sultan-ul-Arifeen (literally, "king among those who know God").
Early life
[edit]Hamza Makhdoom was born as Muhammad Hamza Raina in the village of Tujjar near Sopore in Baramulla district. He was son of Usman Raina and Bibi Maryam who came from a Chandravanshi Rajput family of the Raina clan.[1] According to tradition, teenage Hamza Makhdoom studied in the Shamsi Cha monastery for a year, and later studied jurisprudence, tradition, philosophy, logics, ethics and mysticism in a madrasa founded by Ismail Kubrawi.[1]
Teachings
[edit]A prolific scholar and spiritual preacher, Hamza Makhdoom adhered to the tradition and was a disciple of Syed Jamal Uddin Bukhari of Delhi who was great grandson of Jahaniyan Jahangasht.[1] He directed his teachings specifically to the followers of Islam, and under his influence a part of Kashmir's population truly followed the Hanafi jurisprudence. He was staunch follower of Shariah and Sunnah.
Disciples
[edit]Hamza Makhdoom himself attracted a number of prominent disciples . Among his most notable disciples were:
Baba Dawood Khaki (d. 1587), a jurist, poet and later Chief Qazi of Kashmir. He authored works such as Dastur-ul-Salikin, Vird-ul-Murideen and Qasida-i-Jalaliyya.[5][6] Allama Shams-ud-Din Pal, an eminent scholar who became known for his spiritual connection with Hamza Makhdoom. He later travelled to Mecca and is reported to have been buried in the cemetery of al-Baqiʿ in Medina.[7] Mulla Ahmad Chagli, a Kashmiri scholar associated with his khanqah. Mir Hyder Tulmuli, a contemporary disciple who promoted his teachings locally. Baba Hardi Rishi and Shaikh Roopa Rishi, representatives of the indigenous Kashmiri Rishi tradition who became affiliated with him, reflecting his role in blending the Rishi movement with Sufi practices. Baba Naseeb ud Din Gazi[8] , Mir Mohammad Afzal, Bayezid Shumnagi, Feroz Ganai, and Mohammad Ali Raina, who carried his teachings into different regions of Kashmir. Through these students, Hamza Makhdoom’s influence extended across the Valley[9]
Death
[edit]He died at an age of 82 in year 1576 (984 AH) in Srinagar.
Nearly fourteen years after his death, king Akbar built a shrine there which was reconstructed during the Afghan rule by governor Atta Mohammad Khan around 1821 AD.[10] The shrine, located on the southern slope of Hari Parbat Hill and popularly called Makhdoom Sahib and Hazrat Sultan,[11] is an important pilgrimage centre in Kashmir.
Atta Mohammad Khan Barakzai[who?] in his honour issued the coins bearing the names of Noor-ud-Din-Rishi and Hamza Makhdoom.[12][13]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Makhdoom Sahib". The Nation. 5 February 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
- ^ Shah, Sayid Ashraf (28 November 2021). My Musings (Part I): Current Events. Ashraf Fazili. p. 261.
- ^ Safvi, Rana (21 September 2022). In Search of the Divine: Living Histories of Sufism in India. Hachette India. ISBN 978-93-93701-16-9.
- ^ "Shrine Of Hazrat Shiekh Hamza Maqdoomi ( RA) ,a blessing to all". The Kashmir Horizon. 22 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
- ^ Ahad, Zeeshan (20 January 2024). "Baba Dawood Khaki's Spiritual Journey as Sheikh Hamza Makhdoom's Disciple". the himalayan post. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
- ^ Pen, Kashmir (1 September 2022). "Allama Shamsu-Din PalAnd His Spiritual Connection withSheikh Hamza Mukhdoom (RA)". KashmirPEN. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
- ^ Bhat, Haroon Rashid (22 June 2024). "Baba Naseeb-ud-Din Gazi - A saint leader". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
- ^ Bhat, Haroon Rashid. The Spiritual Garden of Sultan-Ul-Arifeen Sheikh Hamza Mukhdoom RA (1st ed.). Nitya Publications, Bhopal. ISBN 978-81-19147-89-2.
- ^ Raza, Syed Asif (7 October 2021). "Hazrat Makhdoom: Our Great Saint". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ "Makhdoom Sahib in Srinagar". Archived from the original on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
- ^ AHMAD, IQBAL (19 March 2022). "The saints on the coins". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ "Ata Muhammad Khan Barzakai". www.google.com. Retrieved 1 November 2022.