Type Objects¶

PyTypeObject¶

The C structure of the objects used to describe built-in types.

PyTypeObject PyType_Type¶

This is the type object for type objects; it is the same object as type in the Python layer.

int PyType_Check(PyObject *o)¶

Return non-zero if the object o is a type object, including instances of types derived from the standard type object. Return 0 in all other cases. This function always succeeds.

int PyType_CheckExact(PyObject *o)¶

Return non-zero if the object o is a type object, but not a subtype of the standard type object. Return 0 in all other cases. This function always succeeds.

unsigned int PyType_ClearCache()¶

Clear the internal lookup cache. Return the current version tag.

unsigned long PyType_GetFlags(PyTypeObject* type)¶

Return the tp_flags member of type. This function is primarily meant for use with Py_LIMITED_API; the individual flag bits are guaranteed to be stable across Python releases, but access to tp_flags itself is not part of the limited API.

New in version 3.2.

Changed in version 3.4: The return type is now unsigned long rather than long.

void PyType_Modified(PyTypeObject *type)¶

Invalidate the internal lookup cache for the type and all of its subtypes. This function must be called after any manual modification of the attributes or base classes of the type.

int PyType_HasFeature(PyTypeObject *o, int feature)¶

Return non-zero if the type object o sets the feature feature. Type features are denoted by single bit flags.

int PyType_IS_GC(PyTypeObject *o)¶

Return true if the type object includes support for the cycle detector; this tests the type flag Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC.

int PyType_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *a, PyTypeObject *b)¶

Return true if a is a subtype of b.

This function only checks for actual subtypes, which means that __subclasscheck__() is not called on b. Call PyObject_IsSubclass() to do the same check that issubclass() would do.

PyObject* PyType_GenericAlloc(PyTypeObject *type, Py_ssize_t nitems)¶

Return value: New reference.

Generic handler for the tp_alloc slot of a type object. Use Python’s default memory allocation mechanism to allocate a new instance and initialize all its contents to NULL.

PyObject* PyType_GenericNew(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)¶

Return value: New reference.

Generic handler for the tp_new slot of a type object. Create a new instance using the type’s tp_alloc slot.

int PyType_Ready(PyTypeObject *type)¶

Finalize a type object. This should be called on all type objects to finish their initialization. This function is responsible for adding inherited slots from a type’s base class. Return 0 on success, or return -1 and sets an exception on error.

Note

If some of the base classes implements the GC protocol and the provided type does not include the Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC in its flags, then the GC protocol will be automatically implemented from its parents. On the contrary, if the type being created does include Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC in its flags then it must implement the GC protocol itself by at least implementing the tp_traverse handle.

void* PyType_GetSlot(PyTypeObject *type, int slot)¶

Return the function pointer stored in the given slot. If the result is NULL, this indicates that either the slot is NULL, or that the function was called with invalid parameters. Callers will typically cast the result pointer into the appropriate function type.

See PyType_Slot.slot for possible values of the slot argument.

An exception is raised if type is not a heap type.

New in version 3.4.

PyObject* PyType_GetModule(PyTypeObject *type)¶

Return the module object associated with the given type when the type was created using PyType_FromModuleAndSpec().

If no module is associated with the given type, sets TypeError and returns NULL.

This function is usually used to get the module in which a method is defined. Note that in such a method, PyType_GetModule(Py_TYPE(self)) may not return the intended result. Py_TYPE(self) may be a subclass of the intended class, and subclasses are not necessarily defined in the same module as their superclass. See PyCMethod to get the class that defines the method.

New in version 3.9.

void* PyType_GetModuleState(PyTypeObject *type)¶

Return the state of the module object associated with the given type. This is a shortcut for calling PyModule_GetState() on the result of PyType_GetModule().

If no module is associated with the given type, sets TypeError and returns NULL.

If the type has an associated module but its state is NULL, returns NULL without setting an exception.

New in version 3.9.