The modules described in this chapter implement internet protocols and support
for related technology. They are all implemented in Python. Most of these
modules require the presence of the system-dependent module socket, which
is currently supported on most popular platforms. Here is an overview:
webbrowser — Convenient web-browser controller
wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation
urllib — URL handling modulesurllib.request — Extensible library for opening URLsurllib.request Restrictionsurllib.response — Response classes used by urlliburllib.parse — Parse URLs into components
urllib.error — Exception classes raised by urllib.requesturllib.robotparser — Parser for robots.txthttp — HTTP modules
http.client — HTTP protocol client
ftplib — FTP protocol client
poplib — POP3 protocol client
imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client
smtplib — SMTP protocol client
uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 9562
socketserver — A framework for network servers
http.server — HTTP servers
http.cookies — HTTP state management
http.cookiejar — Cookie handling for HTTP clients
xmlrpc — XMLRPC server and client modulesxmlrpc.client — XML-RPC client access
xmlrpc.server — Basic XML-RPC servers
ipaddress — IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library