Python property() function

In Python, the main purpose of Property() function is to create property of a class.
Syntax:

 property(fget, fset, fdel, doc)

If no arguments are given, property() method returns a base property attribute that doesn’t contain any getter, setter or deleter. If doc isn’t provided, property() method takes the docstring of the getter function. Parameters:
fget() – used to get the value of attribute
fset() – used to set the value of attribute
fdel() – used to delete the attribute value
doc() – string that contains the documentation (docstring) for the attribute
Return: Returns a property attribute from the given getter, setter and deleter
If no arguments are given, property() method returns a base property attribute that doesn’t contain any getter, setter or deleter.
If doc isn’t provided, property() method takes the docstring of the getter function.
Example:

# Python program to explain property() function 
  
# Alphabet class 
class Alphabet: 
    def __init__(self, value): 
        self._value = value 
          
    # getting the values 
    def getValue(self): 
        print('Getting value') 
        return self._value 
          
    # setting the values 
    def setValue(self, value): 
        print('Setting value to ' + value) 
        self._value = value 
          
    # deleting the values 
    def delValue(self): 
        print('Deleting value') 
        del self._value 
      
    value = property(getValue, setValue, delValue, ) 
  
# passing the value 
x = Alphabet('CODEMISTIC') 
print(x.value) 
  
x.value = 'CM'
  
del x.value 

Output:

Getting value
CODEMISTIC
Setting value to CM
Deleting value

Using Decorator:
The main work of decorators is they are used to add functionality to the existing code. Also called metaprogramming, as a part of the program tries to modify another part of the program at compile time.
Example: Using @property decorator

# Python program to explain property() 
# function using decorator 
  
class Alphabet: 
    def __init__(self, value): 
        self._value = value 
          
    # getting the values     
    @property
    def value(self): 
        print('Getting value') 
        return self._value 
          
    # setting the values     
    @value.setter 
    def value(self, value): 
        print('Setting value to ' + value) 
        self._value = value 
          
    # deleting the values 
    @value.deleter 
    def value(self): 
        print('Deleting value') 
        del self._value 
  
  
# passing the value 
x = Alphabet('Peter') 
print(x.value) 
  
x.value = 'Diesel'
  
del x.value 

Output:

Getting value
Peter
Setting value to Diesel
Deleting value

Applications:
By using property() method, we can modify our class and implement the value constraint without any change required to the client code. So that the implementation is backward compatible.